Cartagena de Indias, officially the Tourist and Cultural District of Cartagena de Indias, abbreviated Cartagena de Indias, DT and C., is the capital of the department of Bolívar, Colombia.6 It was founded on June 1, 1533 by Pedro de Heredia. 7 Since 1991, Cartagena is a Tourist and Cultural District.8 The city is located on the shores of the Caribbean Sea.

From its foundation in the sixteenth century and throughout the Spanish colonial era, Cartagena de Indias was one of the most important ports in America.9 From this period comes most of its artistic and cultural heritage. On November 11, 1811, Cartagena declared independence from Spain. This day is a national holiday in Colombia and in the city it is celebrated during four days known as the “Fiestas de Independencia” .10

Cartagena has been a city mainly associated with pirate history, as it was there that there were numerous attacks by pirates from Europe, who found in the city a suitable place to plunder in the colonial era, which made it in its At the time, it became the most reinforced city in South America and the Caribbean, becoming almost as reinforced as the Gulf of Mexico itself in its time. At present its colonial architecture is maintained.

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